Earth Science
Scientists Who Made a Significant Contribution

Step #1 - Check the books in the room for some great biographical information and some great images. If your person has an asterisk  *  by the name, skip this step.
Step #2 - Click here to go to Britannica Online. Type in your scientist. You will get biographical information and information about the contribution. Be sure to click on the Images button if it is available at your site. Sometimes you get a picture of your scientist; sometimes you get a diagram. Click on the Internet Links button and explore the recommended sites.
Step #3 - Click on your scientist below. We tried to link only to sites that add additional information or images.
Step #4 - Feel free to search your scientist using your favorite search engine. Be sure to enclose the name in quotation marks. It is always best to add something about the contribution to narrow down the search.

GEOLOGY
Eratosthenes
Andrija Mohorovicic
James Hutton
Charles Darwin
Charles Lyell
Inge Lehmann*
Alfred Wegener
Harry Hess
Vine & Matthews
Charles Richter
Louis Agassiz

ASTRONOMY
Copernicus
Tycho Brahe
Johannes Kepler
Isaac Newton
Ejnar Hertzsprung
Hans Bethe
Edwin Hubble
Milutin Milankovitch

ATOMSPHERIC SCIENCE
Svante Arrhenius
Vilhelm Bjerknes
Lewis F. Richardson*
Nancy & Charles Knight*
Howard Bluestein*
Horace Byers*
T. Theodore Fujita 
 

GEOLOGY

Eratosthenes
Eratosthenes - text and diagram explain how Eratosthenes used geometry to estimate the circumference of the Earth.
The Eratosthenes Project - explains original experiment and has some nice diagrams and maps.
Image Search on Google - select images that will enhance your project by clicking on the thumbnail images from 16 pages of links.
 

Mohorovicic
Prominent Istrians: Andrija Mohorovicic - text and images about the man and his contributions.
Image Search on Google - select images that will enhance your project by clicking on the thumbnail images.

Hutton
American Museum of Natural History - explains Hutton's theory of unconformity.
James Hutton's Theory of the Earth - diagram of rock cycle.
Uniformitarianism - brief explanation of Hutton's contribution to this theory.
Image Search on Google - select images that will enhance your project by clicking on the thumbnail images.
 

Darwin
The Expanding Gene Pool: Natural Selection - clear explanation of natural selection.
Darwin and Natural Selection - text.
Image Search on Google - select images that will enhance your project by clicking on the thumbnail images.
 

Lyell
Charles Lyell - highlights Lyell's influence on Darwin.
Charles Lyell and Uniformitarianism - explains how Lyell's views differ from Hutton's.
Uniformitarianism - brief explanation of theory and Lyell's publication.
Age of the Earth - compares uniformitarianism to gradualism.
Image Search on Google - select images that will enhance your project by clicking on the thumbnail images.
 

Lehmann
Inge Lehmann - biography from the American Geophysical Union.
Image Search on Google - select images that will enhance your project by clicking on the thumbnail images.
History: Inge Lehmann - includes last article she wrote, complete with graphs and diagrams.
Spotlight Scientist: Inge Lehmann - biographical information, achievements, awards and honors.
Image Search on Google - images of earth's crust to enhance your project.
 

Wegener
On the Shoulders of Giants: Alfred Wegener - the man and his achievements compiled by NASA; be sure to click on all the links to the right.
Alfred Lothar Wegener: Moving Continents - U.S. Geological Survey profiles his contribution to scientific world.
Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) - a look at the man and his theories from University of California at Berkley, Museum of Paleontology.
Alfred Wegener - a look at the man, his theories, and their reception in the scientific community.
A Science Odyssey: People and Discoveries: Alfred Wegener - from PBS; be sure to click on link to continental drift.
Image Search on Google - select images that will enhance your project by clicking on the thumbnail images.
 

Hess
A Science Odyssey: People and Discoveries: Harry Hess - from PBS; be sure to click on links to Great Global Rift and sea-floor spreading.
Harry Hammond Hess: Spreading the Seafloor - U.S. Geological Survey profiles his contribution to scientific world.
History of Ocean Basins - discusses Hess' theories accepted today and those not accepted today.
Image Search on Google - select images that will enhance your project by clicking on the thumbnail images.
 

Vine & Matthews
A Science Odyssey: People and Discoveries: Harry Hess - from PBS; looks at Matthews and Vine's 1963 findings on magnetic bands providing evidence of sea-floor spreading.
Image Search on Google - select images that will enhance your project by clicking on the thumbnail images.
Magnetic Stripes and Isotopic Clocks - theory and diagram.
Testing the Sea-Floor Spreading Hypothesis - excellent diagrams.
 

Richter
Charles F. Richter:  An Interview - primary source material.
Inventor's Online Museum: Charles Richter - the man and his contributions.
Earth: All Stressed Out - PBS looks at earthquakes and Richter.
Image Search on Google - images of Richter scale that may enhance your project.
Image Search on Google - select images that will enhance your project by clicking on the thumbnail images.
 

Agassiz
Agassiz, Louis - UC Berkeley profile of the man and his scientific thoughts.
Jean Louis Rodolphe Agassiz - the man, his works, his achievements, and historical insights; be sure to click on Related websites.
Ice Age in Depth - Denver Museum of Nature & Science looks at the Ice Age and the man who proposed the theory; be sure to click on all the links.
Image Search on Google - select images that will enhance your project by clicking on the thumbnail images.
 

ASTRONOMY

Copernicus
Copernican System - comprehensive look at Copernicus' theory, complete with illustrations and diagrams.
Nicholas Copernicus - brief bio from PBS; click on links for clarification and some colorful illustrations.
Nicholas Copernicus - concise, clear look at the man and his theories [transfer into Word to print article].
 

Brahe
Tycho Brahe - the man and his contributions; illustrations and links.
The Noble Dane: Images of Tycho Brahe - from an exhibition at the Museum of the History of Science, Oxford.
The Observations of Tycho Brahe - summary of his life and achievements; hyperlinks to illustrations.
Tycho Brahe (1546-1601) - biographical information with hyperlinks to many images.
 

Kepler
Johannes Kepler: His Life, His Laws and Times - profile by NASA; illustrations.
Kepler's Laws - Kepler's laws explained using animation.
Johannes Kepler: The Laws of Planetary Motion - explanations of Kepler's laws in context of Brahe and Copernicus; clear diagrams.
 

Newton
Newton, Isaac - outline of his life and accomplishments.
Sir Isaac Newton and the Unification of Physics & Astronomy - accomplishments of Newton.
Sir Isaac Newton: The Universal Law of Gravitation - explanation and diagrams of Newton's law.
Top-Biography.com: Issac Newton - includes an overview of Newton's life and work, timeline, and quotations.
 

Hertzsprung
Ejnar Hertzsprung - biographical information with images.
Stellar Evolution & Death - from NASA, includes illustration of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram.
Hertzsprung - the man and his achievements.
Image Search on Google - select images that will enhance your project by clicking on the thumbnail images.
 

Bethe
HANS ALBRECHT BETHE - contributions compiled by the Nobel Foundation.
Hans Bethe - brief listing of accomplishments.
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1967 - biography with accomplishments that lead to his Nobel Prize.
Image Search on Google - select images that will enhance your project by clicking on the thumbnail images.
 

Hubble
Edwin Powell Hubble - the man and his achievements compiled by the University of St Andrews, Scotland.
Edwin Hubble -  PBS look at Hubble.
Time 100: Edwin Hubble - discusses Hubble's impact; be sure to check out pages 2 and 3.
Image Search on Google - select images that will enhance your project by clicking on the thumbnail images.
 

Milankovitch
On the Shoulders of Giants: Milutin Milankovitch - the man and his achievements compiled by NASA; be sure to click on all the links to the right.
Milutin Milankovic - picture and biography from the European Geophysical Society.
Milankovitch Cycles - diagram from the University of British Columbia.
Image Search on Google - select images that will enhance your project by clicking on the thumbnail images.
 

ATOMSPHERIC SCIENCE

Arrhenius
On the Shoulders of Giants: Svante Arrhenius - the man and his achievements compiled by NASA; be sure to click on all the links to the right.
Svante August Arrhenius (1859–1927) - biography with many pictures.
SVANTE AUGUST ARRHENIUS - biography from The Woodrow Wilson National Fellowship Foundation.
Image Search on Google - select images that will enhance your project by clicking on the thumbnail images.
 

Bjerknes
On the Shoulders of Giants: Vilhelm Bjerknes - the man and his achievements compiled by NASA; be sure to click on all the links to the right.
Vilhelm Frimann Koren Bjerknes - biography compiled by School of Mathematics and Statistics at the University of St Andrews, Scotland.
Vilhelm Bjerknes - picture and biography from the European Geophysical Society.
Image Search on Google - select images that will enhance your project by clicking on the thumbnail images.

Richardson
Lewis Fry Richardson - biography compiled by School of Mathematics and Statistics at the University of St Andrews, Scotland.
Lewis Fry Richardson - picture with timeline of life events.
 

Knight ( **if you need biographical information you can e-mail Charles Knight at (knightc@ucar.edu) or Nancy Knight at (knightn@ucar.edu) --see the librarian if you need help with this)
Fact Sheet: Hail - pictures with an explanation of the formation of hail.
Hail Formation - explains the process of hail formation.
PHYSICAL PROCESSES WITHIN CLOUDS - research and findings done by Charles Knight.
Science Now - research and findings by Nancy Knight.
Image Search on Google - hail images; select images that will enhance your project by clicking on the thumbnail images.
 

Bluestein
Howard Bluestein - MIT biography with picture.
Stormchasers - information on Bluestein's  IMAX film with quotes.
Image Search on Google - tornados; select images that will enhance your project by clicking on the thumbnail images.
 

Byers
Horace Robert Byers - biography from the National Academy of Sciences.
Thunderstorm Formation - pictures from the Weather Channel.
Image Search on Google - thunderstorm models/formations; select images that will enhance your project by clicking on the thumbnail images.
 
 

Fujita
'Mr. Tornado,' Ted Fujita, dies at 78 - USAToday death notice with pictures.
How Are They Measured - easy to understand explanation of the  Fujita Tornado Damage Scale.
The Fujita Scale - charts and tables on tornado forces using the Fujita Tornado Damage Scale.
Tetsuya "Ted" Fujita (1920 - 1998) - "Mr. Tornado" - biographical information with photos.
Dr. Tetsuya "Theodore" Fujita  (1920-1998)  - biographical information, achievements; link to scale.
Image Search on Google - select images that will enhance your project by clicking on the thumbnail images.



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Updated 3/02